Animal Genetics & Breeding MCQs 50 Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. Who is known as the father of genetics? (A) Charles Darwin (B) Gregor Mendel (C) Thomas Morgan (D) James Watson 2. The physical appearance of an organism is called: (A) Genotype (B) Phenotype (C) Allele (D) Chromosome 3. Genes are located on: (A) Ribosomes (B) Chromosomes (C) Mitochondria (D) Golgi bodies 4. Which is the basic unit of heredity? (A) Chromosome (B) Gene (C) DNA (D) RNA 5. The process of cell division that produces gametes is: (A) Mitosis (B) Meiosis (C) Binary fission (D) Amitosis 6. Homozygous condition means: (A) Two identical alleles (B) Two different alleles (C) No alleles (D) Triploid condition 7. Heterozygous condition means: (A) Two identical alleles (B) Two different alleles (C) No alleles (D) Monoploid condition 8. Which law is known as Mendel’s first law? (A) Law of Dominance (B) Law of Segregation (C) Law of Independent Assortment (D) Law of Linkage 9. The law of independent assortment applies when: (A) Genes are on the same chromosome (B) Genes are on different chromosomes (C) Genes are linked (D) Genes are non-heritable 10. Inbreeding increases: (A) Heterozygosity (B) Homozygosity (C) Hybrid vigor (D) Outcrossing 11. Hybrid vigor is also known as: (A) Inbreeding (B) Heterosis (C) Mutation (D) Selection 12. The cross between two different breeds is called: (A) Linebreeding (B) Crossbreeding (C) Pure breeding (D) Selfing 13. Artificial insemination is mainly used to: (A) Reduce fertility (B) Increase disease incidence (C) Improve genetic quality (D) Delay breeding 14. Which term refers to the genetic makeup of an organism? (A) Phenotype (B) Genotype (C) Allele (D) Trait 15. A dominant gene is expressed in: (A) Only homozygous condition (B) Only heterozygous condition (C) Both homozygous and heterozygous conditions (D) None of the above 16. Sex chromosomes in mammals are: (A) XX in males and XY in females (B) XY in males and XX in females (C) YY in males and XY in females (D) XO in males and XX in females 17. Mutation is: (A) Change in environment (B) Sudden change in DNA sequence (C) Controlled breeding (D) Gene flow 18. Quantitative traits are controlled by: (A) Single gene (B) Multiple genes (C) Dominant gene (D) Recessive gene 19. Qualitative traits are: (A) Measurable in numbers (B) Expressed in distinct classes (C) Continuous (D) Polygenic 20. Heritability measures: (A) Environmental influence (B) Genetic contribution to phenotype (C) Mutation rate (D) Dominance effect 21. DNA is made up of: (A) Amino acids (B) Nucleotides (C) Fatty acids (D) Polysaccharides 22. Which base pairs with adenine in DNA? (A) Cytosine (B) Guanine (C) Thymine (D) Uracil 23. Which base pairs with adenine in RNA? (A) Thymine (B) Guanine (C) Cytosine (D) Uracil 24. Codominance means: (A) Only one allele is expressed (B) Both alleles are equally expressed (C) Neither allele is expressed (D) Recessive allele dominates 25. Polled condition in cattle is an example of: (A) Dominance (B) Recessiveness (C) Codominance (D) Epistasis 26. Linkage is the tendency of genes to: (A) Mutate together (B) Stay on separate chromosomes (C) Stay together on the same chromosome (D) Express in the same phenotype 27. Sex-linked traits are carried on: (A) Autosomes (B) X or Y chromosomes (C) Mitochondria (D) Ribosomes 28. Which breeding method maintains a specific trait in a population? (A) Random mating (B) Inbreeding (C) Outcrossing (D) Crossbreeding 29. Outcrossing involves: (A) Unrelated individuals of same breed (B) Different breeds (C) Same line (D) Pure lines only 30. Linebreeding is a form of: (A) Outcrossing (B) Crossbreeding (C) Inbreeding (D) Mutation 31. Which technique is used for producing clones? (A) Crossbreeding (B) Somatic cell nuclear transfer (C) Hybridization (D) Polyploidy 32. The term “allele” refers to: (A) Different forms of a gene (B) Entire chromosome (C) Mutation (D) DNA strand 33. The F1 generation is produced by: (A) Selfing (B) Cross between two pure lines (C) Random mating (D) Mutation 34. Test cross is used to determine: (A) Genotype of dominant phenotype (B) Phenotype of recessive (C) Mutation rate (D) Heritability 35. The ability of a sire to transmit traits is called: (A) Progeny testing (B) Hybrid vigor (C) Selection index (D) Gene flow 36. Backcross is: (A) Crossing F1 with one of the parents (B) Crossing unrelated animals (C) Crossing two F1 animals (D) Crossing different breeds 37. Superovulation is used in: (A) Artificial insemination (B) Embryo transfer technology (C) Genetic mutation (D) Crossbreeding 38. Polyploidy refers to: (A) Single set of chromosomes (B) Extra sets of chromosomes (C) Loss of chromosomes (D) Mutation of genes 39. Which is the sex-determining gene in mammals? (A) SRY gene (B) Hox gene (C) Pax gene (D) Sox gene 40. Marker-assisted selection involves: (A) Use of visible traits only (B) DNA markers linked to traits (C) Random mating (D) Inbreeding depression 41. Which animal has a ZW sex determination system? (A) Cattle (B) Horses (C) Birds (D) Dogs 42. The process of improving animals using the best sires and dams is: (A) Mutation (B) Selection (C) Hybridization (D) Genetic drift 43. Epistasis refers to: (A) Interaction between alleles at same locus (B) Interaction between alleles at different loci (C) Mutation (D) Random segregation 44. Gene flow is: (A) Migration of genes between populations (B) Mutation (C) Selection (D) Hybridization 45. Which technique is used for identifying DNA sequences? (A) PCR (B) ELISA (C) RIA (D) Western blot 46. A genome is: (A) A single gene (B) Total genetic material of an organism (C) Chromosome only (D) RNA sequence 47. Which factor reduces genetic diversity? (A) Outcrossing (B) Random mating (C) Inbreeding (D) Crossbreeding 48. The process of removing undesirable animals from breeding stock is: (A) Selection (B) Culling (C) Outcrossing (D) Hybridization 49. Which breeding method utilizes heterosis the most? (A) Inbreeding (B) Crossbreeding (C) Linebreeding (D) Random mating 50. Genomic selection uses: (A) Only visible traits (B) Only pedigree records (C) Genomic information to predict breeding values (D) Traditional progeny testing Basic & Pre-Clinical Subjects (MCQs) Anatomy MCQs Histology MCQs Physiology MCQs Biochemistry MCQs Animal Genetics & Breeding MCQs Livestock Production & Management MCQs Animal Nutrition MCQs Veterinary Microbiology MCQs Veterinary Parasitology MCQs Veterinary Pathology MCQs Clinical Sciences (MCQs) Veterinary Medicine MCQs Veterinary Surgery & Radiology MCQs Veterinary Gynaecology & Obstetrics MCQs Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology MCQ s Veterinary Anaesthesiology MCQs Veterinary Clinical Pathology MCQs Preventive & Public Health (MCQs) Veterinary Epidemiology MCQs Veterinary Public Health MCQs Veterinary Preventive Medicine MCQs Veterinary Ethics & Jurisprudence MCQs Specialized & Allied Subjects (MCQs) Poultry Science MCQs Aquatic Animal Health MCQs Wildlife Health & Management MCQs Veterinary Biotechnology MCQs Veterinary Extension Education MCQs Veterinary Economics & Business Management MCQs