Neurobiophysics – MCQs

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1. The resting membrane potential of a typical neuron is approximately:





2. The action potential is primarily initiated by the opening of:





3. The threshold potential in most neurons is about:





4. Myelin sheaths increase conduction velocity by:





5. The nodes of Ranvier are rich in:





6. Which equation describes the equilibrium potential of an ion?





7. The Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation accounts for:





8. The depolarization phase of an action potential is due to:





9. The repolarization phase is caused by:





10. Hyperpolarization occurs when:





11. The refractory period ensures:





12. Synaptic vesicles are filled with neurotransmitters by:





13. Neurotransmitter release is triggered by:





14. The main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is:





15. The main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain is:





16. Acetylcholine is degraded in the synaptic cleft by:





17. Ionotropic receptors are:





18. Metabotropic receptors act through:





19. The Hodgkin-Huxley model explains:





20. The speed of action potential propagation is higher in:





21. EPSPs are caused by:





22. IPSPs are caused by:





23. Temporal summation occurs when:





24. Spatial summation occurs when:





25. Voltage-gated calcium channels are concentrated at:





26. The axon hillock is the site of:





27. Microelectrode recordings are used to measure:





28. Patch-clamp technique is primarily used to study:





29. The all-or-none principle refers to:





30. Which ion is most important for maintaining resting potential?





31. The Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase pump moves:





32. Synaptic delay is typically:





33. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is important for:





34. NMDA receptors are unique because they require:





35. Axonal transport of vesicles is powered by:





36. Retrograde axonal transport uses the motor protein:





37. Forward (anterograde) axonal transport uses:





38. Which imaging method measures brain activity via blood oxygenation?





39. Electroencephalography (EEG) records:





40. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) detects:





41. Synaptic plasticity refers to:





42. Axon diameter affects conduction velocity because:





43. Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials often involve:





44. An excitatory postsynaptic potential moves the membrane potential:





45. The refractory period ends when:





46. Conduction without myelin requires:





47. Synaptic vesicle fusion is mediated by:





48. Miniature postsynaptic potentials result from:





49. The conduction velocity in myelinated axons can reach up to:





50. Voltage-gated sodium channels inactivate shortly after opening due to: