Geology for Engineers – MCQs 50 Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. Geology is the study of: (A) Stars and planets (B) Rocks, minerals, and Earth processes (C) Atoms and molecules (D) Machines and tools 2. The primary importance of geology in engineering is: (A) Designing mechanical engines (B) Understanding ground conditions for construction (C) Studying chemical reactions (D) Making electronic circuits 3. The solid outermost layer of the Earth is called: (A) Mantle (B) Crust (C) Core (D) Atmosphere 4. The most abundant element in Earth’s crust is: (A) Oxygen (B) Silicon (C) Aluminum (D) Iron 5. Igneous rocks are formed by: (A) Cooling and solidification of magma (B) Deposition of sediments (C) Heat and pressure on pre-existing rocks (D) Chemical precipitation only 6. Granite is an example of: (A) Sedimentary rock (B) Igneous intrusive rock (C) Igneous extrusive rock (D) Metamorphic rock 7. Basalt is commonly found as: (A) Intrusive rock (B) Extrusive volcanic rock (C) Metamorphic rock (D) Fossiliferous limestone 8. Sedimentary rocks are typically formed by: (A) Melting of magma (B) Weathering, erosion, deposition, and lithification (C) Heat and pressure only (D) Cooling of lava 9. Which sedimentary rock is composed mainly of calcium carbonate? (A) Sandstone (B) Shale (C) Limestone (D) Conglomerate 10. Metamorphic rocks are formed by: (A) Cooling of lava (B) Heat and pressure altering existing rocks (C) Deposition of sediments (D) Crystallization of magma 11. Slate is a metamorphic form of: (A) Sandstone (B) Shale (C) Granite (D) Limestone 12. Marble is a metamorphic form of: (A) Sandstone (B) Limestone (C) Shale (D) Granite 13. The ability of a rock to transmit water is called: (A) Porosity (B) Density (C) Permeability (D) Elasticity 14. Rocks that can store and transmit groundwater are called: (A) Aquifers (B) Aquicludes (C) Aquitards (D) Permafrost 15. Faults in rocks are caused by: (A) Chemical weathering (B) Stress and tectonic forces (C) Sedimentation (D) Cooling of lava 16. The point inside the Earth where an earthquake originates is called: (A) Epicenter (B) Focus (Hypocenter) (C) Fault plane (D) Seismic zone 17. The point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake is: (A) Epicenter (B) Seismic gap (C) Fault line (D) Rift valley 18. Richter scale measures: (A) Earthquake magnitude (B) Earthquake intensity (C) Rock hardness (D) Groundwater flow 19. Mohs scale is used to measure: (A) Density of rocks (B) Hardness of minerals (C) Permeability of soil (D) Strength of concrete 20. The hardest mineral on the Mohs scale is: (A) Quartz (B) Topaz (C) Corundum (D) Diamond 21. The softest mineral on Mohs scale is: (A) Gypsum (B) Talc (C) Calcite (D) Feldspar 22. Engineering geology primarily deals with: (A) Earth’s history only (B) Geological factors affecting construction projects (C) Ocean current studies (D) Meteorology 23. Which of the following is NOT a geologic hazard for engineers? (A) Landslides (B) Earthquakes (C) Volcanic eruptions (D) Photosynthesis 24. Which type of soil is most compressible and weak for construction? (A) Gravel (B) Clay (C) Sand (D) Silt 25. The primary agent of physical weathering is: (A) Heat and pressure (B) Water, wind, and temperature changes (C) Fossil formation (D) Biological activity only 26. Which of these rocks is commonly used as a construction material? (A) Limestone (B) Granite (C) Marble (D) All of the above 27. Sinkholes are usually caused by: (A) Earthquake vibrations (B) Dissolution of limestone by groundwater (C) Lava eruptions (D) Soil deposition 28. Which geologic feature is most important when building dams? (A) Rock permeability and strength (B) Forest vegetation (C) Solar exposure (D) Magnetic field 29. Folded rocks are produced by: (A) Tensional stress (B) Compressional stress (C) Chemical weathering (D) Igneous intrusions 30. Earth’s core is mainly composed of: (A) Silicon and oxygen (B) Iron and nickel (C) Calcium and sodium (D) Carbon and hydrogen 31. The layer beneath the Earth’s crust is: (A) Inner core (B) Outer core (C) Mantle (D) Asthenosphere 32. Which of these rocks often contains fossils? (A) Igneous rocks (B) Metamorphic rocks (C) Sedimentary rocks (D) None of the above 33. Ground subsidence is caused by: (A) Over-extraction of groundwater (B) Earthquake faults (C) Glacial movements (D) Wind erosion only 34. Which is the best rock type for tunnel construction? (A) Strong, massive igneous rock (B) Weak, weathered shale (C) Loose sand (D) Expansive clay 35. An unconformity in geology represents: (A) Continuous deposition (B) A gap in geological record (C) Rock hardness (D) Fossil preservation 36. Which of these geological tools is most useful for engineers? (A) Seismograph (B) Geological compass (C) Core drill (D) All of the above 37. The science of groundwater is called: (A) Hydrology (B) Hydrogeology (C) Meteorology (D) Oceanography 38. The boundary between crust and mantle is called: (A) Lithosphere (B) Moho (Mohorovičić discontinuity) (C) Core-mantle boundary (D) Asthenosphere 39. Which type of fault moves due to vertical displacement? (A) Normal fault (B) Reverse fault (C) Strike-slip fault (D) Transform fault 40. Tsunamis are usually caused by: (A) Submarine earthquakes (B) Wind waves (C) Heavy rainfall (D) Ice melting 41. Which mineral is the main source of aluminum? (A) Hematite (B) Bauxite (C) Galena (D) Quartz 42. Which mineral is the main source of iron? (A) Hematite (B) Bauxite (C) Galena (D) Feldspar 43. The process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles without chemical change is: (A) Chemical weathering (B) Physical weathering (C) Metamorphism (D) Lithification 44. Which rock is commonly used in road construction? (A) Basalt (B) Shale (C) Gypsum (D) Chalk 45. Which type of geological map shows rock types and their distribution? (A) Topographic map (B) Geological map (C) Climatic map (D) Soil map 46. Which test is commonly used to determine soil bearing capacity? (A) Tensile test (B) Standard Penetration Test (SPT) (C) Mohs hardness test (D) Viscosity test 47. Which mineral is commonly used in cement production? (A) Quartz (B) Gypsum (C) Feldspar (D) Mica 48. Which geological hazard is common in mountainous regions? (A) Landslides (B) Desertification (C) Coastal erosion (D) Volcanic islands 49. Which rock is most suitable for making dimension stones? (A) Granite (B) Shale (C) Clay (D) Siltstone 50. The main role of engineering geology is to: (A) Predict weather changes (B) Provide geological information for safe design and construction (C) Study fossils only (D) Explore outer space FOUNDATIONAL SUBJECTS (Year 1 – Year 2)Engineering Mechanics (Statics & Dynamics) – MCQsFluid Mechanics – MCQsThermodynamics – MCQsComputer Programming (e.g., MATLAB, Python) – MCQsIntroduction to Engineering – MCQsGeology for Engineers – MCQsTechnical Communication – MCQs CORE PETROLEUM ENGINEERING SUBJECTS (Year 2 – Year 4)Introduction to Petroleum Engineering – MCQsPetroleum Geology – MCQsDrilling Engineering – MCQsReservoir Engineering – MCQsProduction Engineering – MCQsPetroleum Fluid Properties – MCQsWell Logging and Formation Evaluation – MCQsPetroleum Economics – MCQsPetroleum Refining and Processing – MCQs Natural Gas Engineering – MCQsEnhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) – MCQsWell Testing – MCQsReservoir Simulation – MCQsDrilling Fluids and Cementing – MCQsOffshore Petroleum Engineering – MCQsHealth, Safety and Environment (HSE) – MCQsPetroleum Project Management – MCQsCorrosion Engineering – MCQsArtificial Lift Techniques – MCQsPetrophysics – MCQs LABORATORIES & PRACTICALS (Theory-based MCQs can be made from these)Drilling Fluids Lab – MCQsCore Analysis Lab – MCQsReservoir Simulation Lab – MCQsRock and Fluid Properties Lab – MCQsWell Logging Lab – MCQs ELECTIVES (Optional/Advanced)Energy Transition and Sustainability – MCQsUnconventional Resources (Shale, Tight Gas, etc.) – MCQsData Analytics in Petroleum Engineering – MCQsGeographic Information Systems (GIS) – MCQsPetroleum Law and Policy – MCQsPipeline Engineering – MCQsRenewable Energy Integration – MCQs