Applied Hydraulics (Practice Test MCQs)

50 Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50

1. Which device is used to increase the pressure of a fluid?
(A) Pump
(B) Turbine
(C) Nozzle
(D) Valve

2. The main function of a hydraulic turbine is to:
(A) Convert heat energy to mechanical energy
(B) Convert pressure energy to heat energy
(C) Convert hydraulic energy to mechanical energy
(D) Convert chemical energy to mechanical energy

3. Specific speed of a pump is defined as the speed at which it would run if:
(A) Head is 1 m
(B) Discharge is 1 m³/s
(C) Head is 1 m and discharge is 1 m³/s
(D) None of the above

4. Pelton wheel is a:
(A) Reaction turbine
(B) Impulse turbine
(C) Centrifugal pump
(D) Reciprocating pump

5. Kaplan turbine is suitable for:
(A) Low head, high discharge
(B) High head, low discharge
(C) Medium head, medium discharge
(D) High head, high discharge

6. Which type of pump is most commonly used for domestic water supply?
(A) Gear pump
(B) Centrifugal pump
(C) Screw pump
(D) Reciprocating pump

7. In a reciprocating pump, the purpose of an air vessel is to:
(A) Increase the discharge
(B) Reduce friction losses
(C) Reduce acceleration head and save power
(D) Increase velocity

8. The efficiency of a Pelton wheel is maximum when the bucket speed is:
(A) Equal to jet speed
(B) Half of jet speed
(C) Twice the jet speed
(D) Zero

9. Hydraulic accumulator is used for:
(A) Storing energy in the form of fluid under pressure
(B) Measuring flow in a pipeline
(C) Reducing pressure fluctuations
(D) Controlling direction of fluid flow

10. A draft tube is fitted to:
(A) Increase the head of a pump
(B) Reduce the friction losses
(C) Recover the kinetic energy of a turbine
(D) Measure the flow rate

11. Cavitation in turbines occurs when:
(A) Pressure falls below atmospheric pressure
(B) Pressure falls below vapor pressure
(C) Pressure exceeds the design limit
(D) Velocity increases beyond critical velocity

12. The unit of power in hydraulics is commonly expressed in:
(A) Joule
(B) Newton
(C) Watt
(D) Pascal

13. The net positive suction head (NPSH) is related to:
(A) Pump discharge
(B) Pump inlet
(C) Turbine runner
(D) Draft tube

14. Which of the following turbines is an axial flow reaction turbine?
(A) Pelton wheel
(B) Francis turbine
(C) Kaplan turbine
(D) Turgo turbine

15. In a centrifugal pump, the manometric head represents:
(A) Velocity head only
(B) Pressure head only
(C) Sum of pressure head, velocity head, and elevation head
(D) Frictional losses in suction pipe

16. The unit of discharge in hydraulic machines is:
(A) m/s
(B) m³/s
(C) N/m³
(D) Litre

17. Hydraulic press works on the principle of:
(A) Bernoulli’s theorem
(B) Newton’s law
(C) Pascal’s law
(D) Archimedes’ principle

18. The purpose of a governor in a hydraulic turbine is to:
(A) Increase speed
(B) Control the speed
(C) Reduce vibrations
(D) Maintain constant pressure

19. What is the main function of a surge tank in a hydroelectric plant?
(A) Store water
(B) Absorb pressure fluctuations
(C) Increase velocity head
(D) Supply extra power

20. The volumetric efficiency of a pump is the ratio of:
(A) Actual discharge to theoretical discharge
(B) Theoretical discharge to actual discharge
(C) Output power to input power
(D) Velocity head to pressure head

21. The guide vanes in a turbine help in:
(A) Changing the pressure of water
(B) Changing the direction of flow
(C) Increasing discharge
(D) Reducing speed

22. The specific speed of a turbine indicates:
(A) Turbine efficiency
(B) Turbine head
(C) Turbine type
(D) Turbine discharge

23. A hydraulic intensifier is used to:
(A) Increase flow rate
(B) Reduce flow rate
(C) Increase pressure
(D) Reduce pressure

24. Which turbine is suitable for very high heads?
(A) Kaplan turbine
(B) Francis turbine
(C) Pelton wheel
(D) Propeller turbine

25. The term “priming” in centrifugal pumps refers to:
(A) Increasing the pump head
(B) Filling the pump with liquid before starting
(C) Removing air from the delivery side
(D) Increasing the discharge pressure

26. Hydraulic machines mainly work on the principle of:
(A) Conservation of mass
(B) Conservation of momentum
(C) Conservation of energy
(D) Conservation of heat

27. The maximum efficiency of a Pelton wheel is achieved when the deflection angle of buckets is:
(A) 120°
(B) 160°
(C) 180°
(D) 90°

28. Multistage centrifugal pumps are used for:
(A) Low head applications
(B) High head applications
(C) Low discharge applications
(D) High velocity applications

29. The term “runaway speed” in turbines means:
(A) Minimum speed of the turbine
(B) Speed at no load
(C) Maximum speed without load
(D) Critical speed during operation

30. The mechanical efficiency of a pump is the ratio of:
(A) Output power to input power
(B) Input power to output power
(C) Discharge to velocity
(D) Head to discharge

31. The efficiency of a centrifugal pump increases with:
(A) Increase in discharge
(B) Decrease in discharge
(C) Increase in speed up to an optimum point
(D) Increase in viscosity

32. Draft tube efficiency is the ratio of:
(A) Output power to input power
(B) Actual work recovered to kinetic energy at the outlet
(C) Discharge to velocity head
(D) Head to discharge

33. Hydraulic ram works on the principle of:
(A) Centrifugal action
(B) Water hammer
(C) Air compression
(D) Reciprocating motion

34. Which of the following is not a positive displacement pump?
(A) Gear pump
(B) Screw pump
(C) Reciprocating pump
(D) Centrifugal pump

35. The manometric efficiency of a pump is:
(A) Ratio of manometric head to total head
(B) Ratio of actual head to manometric head
(C) Ratio of manometric head to theoretical head
(D) Ratio of velocity head to manometric head

36. The cavitation index in turbines is used to:
(A) Indicate discharge capacity
(B) Prevent vibration
(C) Predict cavitation tendency
(D) Increase head

37. In a double-acting reciprocating pump, water is delivered:
(A) During one stroke only
(B) During both strokes
(C) Only during the return stroke
(D) Only during the forward stroke

38. What is the function of a penstock in a hydroelectric plant?
(A) Storing water
(B) Carrying water to the turbine
(C) Controlling pressure fluctuations
(D) Measuring flow rate

39. The term “water hammer” refers to:
(A) Sudden drop in discharge
(B) Sudden increase in pressure due to rapid valve closure
(C) Cavitation in pumps
(D) Turbulence in flow

40. Which turbine is suitable for medium head and medium discharge?
(A) Pelton wheel
(B) Kaplan turbine
(C) Francis turbine
(D) Propeller turbine

41. Reciprocating pumps are preferred for:
(A) High discharge, low head
(B) Low discharge, high head
(C) High discharge, high head
(D) Low discharge, low head

42. Which law governs the torque developed in a hydraulic turbine?
(A) Newton’s first law
(B) Newton’s second law
(C) Newton’s third law
(D) Bernoulli’s law

43. Priming of a centrifugal pump is done to:
(A) Remove air from the suction side
(B) Increase velocity
(C) Reduce discharge
(D) Increase head

44. The unit of head in hydraulics is:
(A) m³
(B) m
(C) N/m²
(D) Pascal

45. Hydraulic efficiency is the ratio of:
(A) Output power to shaft power
(B) Shaft power to water power
(C) Water power to shaft power
(D) Water power to input power

46. Kaplan turbine is a modification of:
(A) Pelton wheel
(B) Propeller turbine
(C) Francis turbine
(D) Impulse turbine

47. The pressure at the suction side of a pump should always be:
(A) Higher than atmospheric pressure
(B) Lower than atmospheric pressure
(C) Above vapor pressure of the fluid
(D) Below vapor pressure of the fluid

48. The term “water horse power” refers to:
(A) Output of the turbine
(B) Input to the turbine
(C) Power delivered by water to the runner
(D) Mechanical power of a pump

49. In a centrifugal pump, the flow of water is:
(A) Radial
(B) Axial
(C) Mixed
(D) Both radial and axial depending on design

50. The efficiency of a turbine is maximum when:
(A) The blade velocity ratio is optimum
(B) The flow velocity is maximum
(C) The head is maximum
(D) The discharge is maximum

Applied Hydraulics (Practice Test MCQs)

1. Basic/Foundation Subjects

2. Core Civil Engineering Subjects

3. Advanced/Applied Subjects

4. Management and Planning

5. Environmental & Sustainable Development