Anthropology in Pakistan and South Asia – MCQs

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1. Which system of social stratification has been a central focus of South Asian anthropology?



2. The concept of “Sanskritization,” coined by M. N. Srinivas, primarily explains:



3. Which anthropologist wrote Political Leadership among Swat Pathans, a classic ethnography of northern Pakistan?



4. “Biradari” in Punjabi society refers to a(n):



5. The Potwar Plateau in Pakistan is noted in kinship studies for its emphasis on:



6. Which archaeological culture is associated with the earliest urbanism in South Asia?



7. In Pashtunwali, the code of honor badal means:



8. “Jajmani system” traditionally describes:



9. The anthropology department established in 1973 at which Pakistani university became the first in the country?



10. “Little Tradition” and “Great Tradition,” terms popularized by Robert Redfield, have been used in South Asia to discuss:



11. Fieldwork that involves extended residence in a community is called:



12. Which of the following languages is written in a right‑to‑left script and commonly studied by linguistic anthropologists in Sindh?



13. The ritual exchange of gifts at weddings in many Pakistani communities is locally termed:



14. Who introduced the idea of “dominant caste” after fieldwork in South India?



15. The thick‑description approach to culture was famously advanced by:



16. Which high‑altitude region of Pakistan has been central to studies of agro‑pastoral adaptation?



17. The concept of “Islamic pluralism” in South Asia often examines the coexistence of:



18. Who authored Pakistan Society: Islam, Ethnicity and Leadership in South Asia?



19. In South Asian kinship terminology, mama usually refers to:



20. “Green Revolution” studies in Punjab primarily focused on:



21. Anthropological research on pir–murid relationships investigates:



22. Which colonial institution compiled extensive gazetteers that remain key ethnographic sources?



23. The “Punjab School” of cultural ecology is most associated with the writings of:



24. The term ashraf in South Asian Muslim society usually indicates:



25. Which festival is widely analyzed by anthropologists studying the syncretism of Hindu and Muslim practices in Sindh?



26. The 19th‑century scholar who founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal, influencing early ethnology, was:



27. An anthropological focus on basti (urban informal settlements) in Karachi typically examines:



28. The concept of “segmentary lineage” systems has been applied to which group in Pakistan?



29. “Applied anthropology” projects in Pakistan most often intersect with:



30. Which census year first recorded Pakistan’s population after independence?



31. The jirga is best described as a:



32. Ethnographers studying gender in Pukhtun society often reference the zan‑ana divide, meaning:



33. Which South Asian anthropologist developed the idea of “ritual pollution” in caste interactions?



34. The term “Bollywoodization” of South Asian culture refers to:



35. Which mountain‑dwelling minority in northern Pakistan is noted for polytheistic traditions distinct from mainstream Islam?



36. Studies of “honor killings” in rural Pakistan often highlight tensions between:



37. The “bhagat” performance tradition in Sindh blends:



38. Which Pakistani anthropologist served as High Commissioner to the U.K. and wrote Discovering Islam?



39. “Ethno‑linguistic federalism” is a concept discussed in relation to:



40. The Indus Kohistan Study by Jettmar and others primarily dealt with:



41. Which term describes self‑help associations among Punjabi farmers?



42. The “Great Indian Census ethnography” approach of Herbert Risley attempted to classify:



43. Which research method is essential for documenting endangered oral traditions among Kalasha elders?



44. The agricultural calendar in the Indus plains is traditionally divided by the monsoon into:



45. Anthropologists examining Partition memories often use which methodological approach?



46. The temple‑mosque complex at Hinglaj (Balochistan) is cited as an example of:



47. Which notion explains how a lower caste imitates higher caste practices to raise status?



48. Studies of micro‑credit initiatives in Bangladesh, pioneered by Grameen Bank, focus on:



49. The annual pilgrimage (urs) at Sehwan Sharif honors which Sufi saint?



50. Anthropologists studying South Asian diasporas in the Gulf often analyze: