Radiation Biophysics – MCQs

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1. The unit of absorbed radiation dose is:





2. The unit of equivalent radiation dose that accounts for biological effect is:





3. The SI unit of radioactivity is:





4. Ionizing radiation causes biological damage mainly by:





5. The most damaging type of DNA lesion from ionizing radiation is:





6. Non-ionizing radiation includes:





7. Gamma radiation is a type of:





8. Alpha particles have:





9. The linear energy transfer (LET) of alpha particles compared to gamma rays is:





10. The primary target of ionizing radiation in cells is:





11. Stochastic effects of radiation include:





12. Deterministic effects of radiation are characterized by:





13. The most radiosensitive phase of the cell cycle is:





14. Radiation-induced ionization of water produces:





15. Hydroxyl radicals generated by radiation are:





16. The oxygen enhancement ratio (OER) refers to:





17. Radiosensitivity of cells follows which law?





18. Cells most sensitive to radiation are:





19. Acute radiation syndrome is caused by:





20. The prodromal stage of acute radiation syndrome includes:





21. The lethal dose for 50% of humans within 30 days (LD50/30) is about:





22. The most penetrating type of radiation is:





23. Neutrons are biologically damaging because they:





24. Whole-body exposure to >10 Gy typically causes:





25. The dose limit for occupational radiation workers is approximately:





26. The ALARA principle in radiation safety stands for:





27. Dosimeters are used to measure:





28. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) work by:





29. Geiger-Müller counters are primarily used for detecting:





30. The Bragg peak is associated with:





31. Radiation therapy aims to:





32. Fractionation in radiotherapy is used to:





33. Radiosensitizers work by:





34. Radioprotectors such as amifostine function by:





35. Radiation hormesis refers to:





36. Non-stochastic effects of radiation are also called:





37. Cataract formation from radiation is classified as:





38. The half-life of a radioactive isotope is defined as:





39. Radioisotope iodine-131 is commonly used in treatment of:





40. PET scans use radioisotopes that emit:





41. Bremsstrahlung radiation is produced when:





42. X-rays are generated when:





43. Compton scattering involves:





44. Photoelectric effect in tissues is more significant at:





45. Radiation quality factor (QF) is used to:





46. Which organ is most sensitive to radiation exposure?





47. The most common natural source of human radiation exposure is:





48. The term “radiation weighting factor” is used in calculating:





49. Radiation used in cancer imaging (CT scans) is primarily:





50. Synchrotron radiation is: