Language change and evolution MCQs 50 Score: 0 Attempted: 0/50 Subscribe 1. What is the term for the gradual change in a language over time? (A) Language acquisition (B) Language shift (C) Language evolution (D) Language revival 2. Which branch of linguistics primarily studies how languages change over time? (A) Phonology (B) Historical linguistics (C) Pragmatics (D) Psycholinguistics 3. What is the main cause of language change? (A) Static grammar rules (B) Contact between speakers and social interaction (C) Lack of writing system (D) Government regulation 4. The term “semantic shift” refers to: (A) Change in sentence structure (B) Change in meaning of a word (C) Borrowing new phonemes (D) Change in alphabet 5. Sound change that affects the pronunciation of a language over time is known as: (A) Phonetic drift (B) Morphological change (C) Phonological change (D) Lexical replacement 6. Which type of language change is caused by borrowing words from other languages? (A) Internal change (B) External change (C) Dialect leveling (D) Back-formation 7. What is the Great Vowel Shift? (A) A change in English vowel pronunciation during 15th–18th centuries (B) A change in French consonant sounds (C) A Latin alphabet reform (D) A grammatical shift in Greek 8. Language death occurs when: (A) It has no remaining native speakers (B) It becomes a dialect (C) It borrows too many words (D) It adopts a writing system 9. The creation of new words is called: (A) Lexical innovation (B) Semantic borrowing (C) Phonemic shift (D) Orthographic drift 10. Which phenomenon occurs when two languages blend over time to form a new one? (A) Diglossia (B) Creolization (C) Reduplication (D) Phonetic leveling 11. The loss of grammatical complexity in a language is known as: (A) Simplification (B) Fossilization (C) Language revival (D) Dialect expansion 12. Which factor accelerates language change? (A) Isolation from other languages (B) Increased literacy (C) Migration and trade (D) Strict language policies 13. A language that stops evolving but remains in use for religious purposes is called: (A) Dead language (B) Classical language (C) Pidgin (D) Revived language 14. Which of the following is an example of a revived language? (A) Sanskrit (B) Latin (C) Hebrew (D) Old English 15. What is analogy in language change? (A) Borrowing foreign terms (B) Creating new forms based on existing patterns (C) Random phonetic change (D) Replacing old words with slang 16. Which is an example of internal language change? (A) Sound shifts (B) Language contact influence (C) Borrowed vocabulary (D) Creole formation 17. Which theory suggests languages evolve like living organisms? (A) Family tree model (B) Wave theory (C) Genetic drift theory (D) Substratum hypothesis 18. The wave theory of language change emphasizes: (A) Centralized change spreading outwards (B) Linear progression (C) Sudden evolution (D) Phonetic borrowing only 19. What is grammaticalization? (A) Turning a lexical word into a grammatical marker (B) Loss of grammar rules (C) Borrowing syntax (D) Inventing a script 20. Which is a result of language contact? (A) Loanwords (B) Proto-language (C) Genetic classification (D) Syntax fossilization 21. Which is an example of a language that changed due to colonization? (A) Swahili (B) Basque (C) Finnish (D) Korean 22. Reconstructing earlier stages of a language is called: (A) Translation (B) Comparative reconstruction (C) Dialectology (D) Morphological analysis 23. Which is a cause of vocabulary loss? (A) Technological change (B) Increased literacy (C) Borrowing new terms (D) Migration 24. Dialect leveling contributes to: (A) Increased language diversity (B) Reduced regional differences (C) Formation of proto-languages (D) Language isolation 25. Which factor slows down language change? (A) Literacy and standardization (B) Migration (C) Urbanization (D) Trade 26. The study of word origin and historical development is called: (A) Phonology (B) Etymology (C) Morphology (D) Syntax 27. Which type of change involves replacing irregular forms with regular ones? (A) Regularization (B) Derivation (C) Reduplication (D) Fossilization 28. Pidgins usually evolve into creoles when: (A) They are abandoned (B) Children acquire them as a first language (C) They lose their vocabulary (D) They are formalized by governments 29. Which is an example of semantic broadening? (A) “Mouse” used for both an animal and a computer device (B) “Meat” referring only to beef (C) “Girl” meaning a young female only (D) “Knight” meaning only a medieval soldier 30. What is language shift? (A) Replacement of one language by another in a community (B) Gradual sound change (C) Dialect variation (D) Script modification 31. The creation of entirely new languages is known as: (A) Language genesis (B) Language revival (C) Language divergence (D) Language fusion 32. What role do children play in language change? (A) They resist change (B) They stabilize grammar (C) They are key agents of innovation (D) They prevent borrowing 33. Orthographic reform refers to: (A) Change in pronunciation (B) Change in writing system or spelling rules (C) Change in grammar (D) Shift in meaning 34. Which of the following is a reason for language revival efforts? (A) National identity (B) Trade policies (C) Elimination of dialects (D) Colonization 35. Which change affects the meaning of words over time? (A) Morphological (B) Semantic (C) Phonological (D) Pragmatic 36. Back-formation is a type of language change where: (A) A new word is formed by removing an affix (B) An old word is revived (C) A language merges with another (D) Phonemes are added 37. Which is an example of language divergence? (A) Latin evolving into French, Spanish, and Italian (B) English adopting French words (C) Swahili becoming a lingua franca (D) Creation of Esperanto 38. A language becomes endangered when: (A) It has fewer speakers and is no longer transmitted to children (B) It borrows foreign words (C) It adopts a new script (D) It has multiple dialects 39. Which process leads to loss of case endings in many Indo-European languages? (A) Analogy (B) Simplification (C) Borrowing (D) Grammaticalization 40. Which is a sign of rapid language change in the digital age? (A) Emergence of internet slang (B) Classical language preservation (C) Increase in Latin learning (D) Decline in code-switching 41. Substratum influence in language change happens when: (A) A conquered population affects the conqueror’s language (B) A language borrows from a superstrate only (C) Dialects merge (D) Phonemes are eliminated 42. Which language experienced significant change due to Norman invasion? (A) German (B) English (C) Finnish (D) Greek 43. The disappearance of older forms in language is called: (A) Obsolescence (B) Revitalization (C) Code-mixing (D) Bilingualism 44. Language contact often leads to: (A) Bilingualism and code-switching (B) Elimination of all dialects (C) Preservation of ancient words (D) End of migration 45. Which term describes the preservation of older language forms in isolated regions? (A) Archaism (B) Innovation (C) Borrowing (D) Divergence 46. The term “linguistic drift” means: (A) Slow, unconscious change in a language over time (B) Sudden vocabulary expansion (C) Intentional language reform (D) Dialect suppression 47. Which process creates words like “blog” from “web log”? (A) Blending (B) Reduplication (C) Semantic shift (D) Back-formation 48. The term “lexical replacement” refers to: (A) Substitution of old words with new ones (B) Phoneme deletion (C) Orthographic changes (D) Dialect fusion 49. What is a major tool for tracing language evolution? (A) Phylogenetic trees (B) Dialect mapping only (C) Punctuation analysis (D) Oral storytelling 50. Why is studying language change important in anthropology? (A) It reveals cultural, social, and migration histories (B) It enforces standardization (C) It prevents new language formation (D) It eliminates endangered languages 1. Foundations of Linguistic Anthropology MCQsDefinition, scope, and history MCQsLanguage vs. communication MCQsHuman language vs. animal communication MCQsKey figures in linguistic anthropology MCQs2. Language Structure MCQsPhonetics and Phonology MCQsMorphology MCQsSyntax MCQsSemantics MCQsPragmatics MCQs3. 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